Generic selectors
Exact matches only
Search in title
Search in content
Post Type Selectors
Filter by Categories
Brief Report
Case Report
Editorial
Focus
Images/Instrument in Dermatology/Dermatosurgery
Innovations
Letter to the Editor
Living Legends
Looking back in history
Original Article
Perspective
Resident Forum
Review Article
Spot the Diagnosis
Tropical Dermatology
Visual Treats in Dermatology
Generic selectors
Exact matches only
Search in title
Search in content
Post Type Selectors
Filter by Categories
Brief Report
Case Report
Editorial
Focus
Images/Instrument in Dermatology/Dermatosurgery
Innovations
Letter to the Editor
Living Legends
Looking back in history
Original Article
Perspective
Resident Forum
Review Article
Spot the Diagnosis
Tropical Dermatology
Visual Treats in Dermatology
Generic selectors
Exact matches only
Search in title
Search in content
Post Type Selectors
Filter by Categories
Brief Report
Case Report
Editorial
Focus
Images/Instrument in Dermatology/Dermatosurgery
Innovations
Letter to the Editor
Living Legends
Looking back in history
Original Article
Perspective
Resident Forum
Review Article
Spot the Diagnosis
Tropical Dermatology
Visual Treats in Dermatology
View/Download PDF

Translate this page into:

Visual Treats in Dermatology
2023
:3;
173
doi:
10.25259/CSDM_189_2023

Phacomatosis pigmentovascularis

Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.

*Corresponding author: Arun Somasundaram, Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India. arunsomasundaram25@gmail.com

Licence
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, transform, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

How to cite this article: Somasundaram A. Phacomatosis pigmentovascularis. CosmoDerma 2023;3:173. doi: 10.25259/CSDM_189_2023

A 5-year-old male child was brought by parents with complaints of skin lesions that present since birth over the face and back. The child was born of a non-consanguineous marriage with uneventful antenatal and natal history. The child was developmentally normal. Cutaneous examination revealed a port-wine stain over the face associated with mild hypertrophy of the upper lip [Figure 1a] and aberrant extensive Mongolian spots (dermal melanocytosis) over the back and leg [Figure 1b]. The child was diagnosed with phakomatosis pigmentovascularis type 2 (association of the nevus flammeus and aberrant Mongolian spots). Our child did not have any neurological or eye and skeletal concerns. Magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography did not reveal any abnormalities. Parents were reassured regarding the condition and were advised to follow-up later if required.

(a) Port-wine stain over the face associated with mild hypertrophy of the upper lip. (b) Aberrant extensive Mongolian spots (dermal melanocytosis) over the back.
Figure 1:
(a) Port-wine stain over the face associated with mild hypertrophy of the upper lip. (b) Aberrant extensive Mongolian spots (dermal melanocytosis) over the back.

Phacomatosis pigmentovascularis is orchestrated by an association of a vascular nevus with an extensive pigmentary nevus. Hasegawa and Yasuhara classified into five types and each type was further subdivided according to the presence of cutaneous-only manifestations (subtype a) or if associated with systemic manifestations (subtype b), which are ocular, vascular, skeletal, and neurological. Happle classified into four groups – phacomatosis cesioflamea (nevus flammeus and aberrant Mongolian spots or blue nevus), phacomatosis spilorosea (nevus spilus and telangiectatic nevus), phacomatosis cesiomarmorata (aberrant Mongolian spots or blue nevus with cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita), and phacomatosis pigmentovascularis of non-classifiable type.[1] Magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiography and venography of the brain, echocardiogram, detailed eye examination, and skeletal survey are to be done if the organ system is clinically suspected to be affected. This case highlights the importance of screening for associated neurological, ocular, and skeletal abnormalities in a child with phakomatosis pigmentovascularis. Though, our child had extensive skin lesions was found to have no extracutaneous involvement.

Declaration of patient consent

The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.

Use of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted technology for manuscript preparation

The author confirms that there was no use of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted technology for assisting in the writing or editing of the manuscript and no images were manipulated using AI.

Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

References

  1. , , , , , , et al. Phacomatosis pigmentovascularis: Report of four new cases. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2016;82:298-303.
    [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Fulltext Views
7,671

PDF downloads
2,497
View/Download PDF
Download Citations
BibTeX
RIS
Show Sections